Category: Industry Trends

The EM 2040P is a shallow water multibeam echo sounder based

on the EM 2040 technology, an ideal tool for any high resolution

mapping and inspection application.

The receiver and transmitter are integrated in a common sonar

head. The system fulfils, and even surpasses, the IHO-S44 special

order and the more stringent LINZ specification.

Key facts

The operating frequency range is from 200 to 400 kHz. The

operator can on the fly choose the best operating frequency for

the application: 300 kHz for near bottom, 200 kHz for deeper

waters and 400 kHz for very high resolution inspection. Due

to the very large operating bandwidth available, the system

will have an output sample rate up to 60 kHz. The system can

effectively operate with very short pulse lengths. The shortest

pulse is 14 microseconds, which gives a raw range resolution

(cτ/2) of 10.5 mm.

By utilizing both CW and FM chirp pulses, the system can

achieve a much longer range capability with a high resolution.

The maximum depth range in cold ocean water is 600 m at 200

kHz with a swath with up to 830 m.

The angular coverage for the 200 and 300 kHz is 140 degrees,

allowing coverage of 5.5 times water depth. For the 400 kHz

mode the angular coverage is 120 degrees.

As an option the EM 2040P can be delivered with the dual

swath capability, allowing a sufficient sounding density along

track at a high vessel speed.

Functional description

Figure 1 shows the arrangement of the SENTRY Wireless

Temperature Monitoring System installed on a 4-stroke diesel

engine.

• A wireless sensor is fitted to the moving part (e.g. the

connecting rod of an engine)

• A Stationary Antenna is fitted to a bracket inside each cylinder

compartment in a position so that the sensor will pass nearby as

the engine runs.

• Coaxial cables connect the stationary antennas with the

Signal Processing Unit fitted outside. The bulkhead penetration

is made by use of a special, high IP-grade cable gland in which

the coaxial cable shield is terminated to ground.

• The Signal Processing Unit calculates the temperature and

transmits the result to the engine control system.

The SENTRY GB-300 system is based on Surface Accustic

Wave (SAW) -and radar technology. The sensors are passive,

have no battery and are in no need of an external power source.

The KONGSBERG SENTRY GB-300 is a unique product developed for

temperature monitoring of crank pin/crosshead bearings in diesel

engines and other rotating machinery.

Features

•  Fast and reliable temperature response.

•  By providing an early warning the consequence of o bearing

seizure is reduced to a minimum.

•  The sensor is passive, has no battery and does not need an external

power source.

•  Flexible mounting, compact and simple installation.

•  Approved by classification societies as an alternative to traditional oil

mist detectors.

•  Approved for hazardous area.

X-band radar scanners

(10kW/6ft and 25kW/9ft)

X-band radar scanners  are available from Kongsberg Maritime with either

10 kW or 25 kW transmission.

The X-band 10 kW scanner is provided with a 6ft antenna.

The X-band 25 kW scanner is provided with a 9ft antenna.

Features

• Modular and solid state design.

• Optional high-speed rotation (48 rpm) for high-speed craft

(available for 10 kW/6ft model).

• Built-in power supply unit.

• Built-in performance monitor (required for IMO SOLAS vessels).

• 40m cable kit included.

• Neck heater (anti-icing) option (available for 25 kW model).

• Meets in full or exceeds the requirements of IEC 60945 and IEC 62388.

• Conforms to the relevant EU MED directives.

• Greater resolution from a smaller antenna, as compared to S-band.

• Compatible with SART transponders and radar beacons.

KEY POINTS

• Reduced antenna height

increases reliability of drive

device.

• Rotation speed of up to 48 rpm.

• Radar performance monitoring.

The MGC R4 COMPASS system is IMO type approved as a

gyro compass for navigation purposes for use together 

with a heading and bearing repeater. Very high reliability

is achieved by using Ring Laser Gyros with no rotational

or mechanical wear-out parts.

Function

The MGC is a strap-down based gyro compass

including three Ring Laser Gyros (RLG) and three linear

accelerometers. The system can operate in Attitude and

Heading Reference System (AHRS) mode and Inertial

Navigation mode. In the AHRS mode input of speed

and latitude data (VBW/VTG and GGA/GLL) is required.

External time input is also required (ZDA). In this mode

the system will output heading, roll, pitch and heave. In

the Inertial Navigation mode input of latitude, longitude,

height and time (GGA and ZDA) and PPS from a GNSS

receiver is required. In this mode the product will output

heading, roll, pitch, heave and position.

The system is delivered with configuration software.

In this software the user selects output formats on the

different communication lines in addition to other

configuration purposes.

Typical applications

The system can be operated as an inertial navigation

system as well as a gyro compass with output of position

and heading. Linear position and velocity measurements

can then be output in up to four different points on the

vessel.

Digital I/O protocols

MGC data is available through both Ethernet interface and

serial lines enabling easy distribution of data to multiple

users on board the vessel. Output protocols for commonly

used equipment are available on five individually

configurable serial lines and five Ethernet/UDP ports.

FEATURES

• 0.008° roll and pitch accuracy

• 0.02° heading accuracy GNSS aided

• No rotational or mechanical wear-out parts

• Outputs on RS-422 and Ethernet

• High output data rate (200 Hz).

• Small size, light weight and low power consumption

• IMO type approved

• Each MGC delivered with Calibration Certificate

• Selectable communication protocols in the configuration

software

K-Bridge Radar Standalone is a self-contained navigation information

system that provides the operator with radar video and target tracking

as well as position, heading and other data from the vessel’s navigation

sensors.

It is designed to enable mariners to avoid collisions and generally to

enhance their navigational awareness.

The system is easy to install, connecting directly to the ship’s sensors and

power, and (by two network adapters) to a digital radar interface.

Features

• High resolution colour display

• Attractive user interface

• Ergonimically designed operator panel

• Cost-efficient radar solution

• Easy installation

• 27” panel PC

• Optional chart underlay

• Manual and automatic clutter reduction

• Echo stretch

• Stern indicator

• AIS targets

• Three colour palettes

• Monitoring of sailing routes

Density measurements

Density is a measurement of mass per unit of volume. Because

LNG is not a pure substance, the density varies between the

different gas fields due to different composition.

The traditional way of obtaining the density of LNG as input to

the CTS report, is by taking liquid samples that are vapourized

and sent to a gas chromatograph to analyze the composition.

The density is then calculated by using the revised Klosek

McKinley equation, where the composition of the LNG found by

the gas chromatograph forms the input.

The chemical composition of LNG is a function of the source

and type of processing/aging. it is a mixture of mainly methane,

ethane, propane and butane with small amounts of heavier

hydrocarbons. Besides the hydrocarbons, mainly Nitrogen exist,

which is an important component to watch due to its altered

properties compared to the hydrocarbons. Methane is by far the

major component, usually over 85 % by volume.

With KONGSBERG radar based densimeter, the density of the

LNG is monitored continuously as long as the sensing part of

the pipe is immersed in LNG. This is done at each immersed

segment in the tank, and can be presented for each tank or

averaged over several tanks. By knowing only the N2

content to

certain accuracy, the uncertainty of the density measurement is

reduced to a level well below the uncertainty of today’s accept

ed standards.

Accurate density measurement is possible regardless of the

tank atmospheric conditions. High instrument accuracy and

flexible software ensure continuously monitoring of the density

and its change both in cases with natural and forced boil-off and

re-liquefaction.

The MGC R3 COMPASS system is IMO type approved as a

gyro compass for navigation purposes for use together

with a heading and bearing repeater. Very high reliability

is achieved by using Ring Laser Gyros with no rotational

or mechanical wear-out parts.

Typical applications

The system can be operated as an inertial navigation

system as well as a gyro compass with output of position

and heading. Linear position and velocity measurements

can then be output in up to four different points on the

vessel.

Digital I/O protocols

MGC data is available through both Ethernet interface and

serial lines enabling easy distribution of data to multiple

users on board the vessel. Output protocols for commonly

used equipment are available on five individually

configurable serial lines and five Ethernet/UDP ports.

FEATURES

• 0.01° roll and pitch accuracy

• 0.04° heading accuracy GNSS aided

• No rotational or mechanical wear-out parts

• Outputs on RS-422 and Ethernet

• High output data rate (200 Hz).

• Small size, light weight and low power consumption

• IMO type approved

• Each MGC delivered with Calibration Certificate

• Selectable communication protocols in the configuration

software

LNG DENSiTy PROFiLE MEASUREMENT SySTEM

The KONGSBERG Density Profile Measurement System is an

extension module to the K-Gauge CTS, allowing the Radar 

Tank Gauge to be used as a combined level gauge and

densimeter. The system offers a world’s first in-situ and online

LNG density measurement system, and comes with built-in LNG

aging tool.

The function both estimates the current LNG composition and

predicts future composition. Gross Calorific Value (GCV) and

the theoretical LNG density value by revised Klosek McKinley

equation..

Functional description

K-Gauge DPMS offers a cost effective way to gain improved

knowledge and information of the LNG stored. Online and

continuous LNG density monitoring and trend functions provide

an added value for the users of the K-Gauge Custody Transfer

Measurement System for LNG carriers and LNG FSRUs.

By use of the KONGSBERG Radar Tank Gauges and stand

pipes installed in the tanks for level gauging, the DPMS soft

ware module provides density monitoring and reporting, LNG

aging calculation and GCV estimation.

For LNG carriers, the LNG density, aging and GCV information

are helpful tools to prepare for the Custody Transfer operation,

and an easy verification when getting the official composition

report from the terminal. For LNG FSRUs the density profile

monitoring and trend function are helpful tools to continuously

monitor the boil-off process and the density and temperature

profile in the tanks to prevent roll-over incidents to happen.

The possibility to accurate measure the density offers a back

up, and verification, to the currently dominating method to de

termine the density in cargoes transferred to/from LNG carriers

and FSRUs.

Aging and the possibility to monitor the profile of density in the

cargo down the tank can help to predict a possible roll-over

accident by improving the decision basis for the operator. The

operator performing cargo operation will, by means of the den

sity information together with level and temperature measure

ment, become better equipped to make the correct decisions to

prevent roll-over accidents.