Category: ABB

Product overview

3.1 Purpose of the relay

The feeder protection relay REF610 is a multifunctional protection relay primarily used to protect incoming and outgoing lines in various feeder applications.

The relay is based on a microprocessor environment. A self-monitoring system continuously monitors the operation of the relay.

The human-machine interface includes a liquid crystal display (LCD) that makes local use of the relay safe and easy.

The relays can be controlled locally via serial communications from a computer connected to the front communication port.

Remote control is available through a serial communications bus connected to the rear connector of the control and monitoring system.

3.2. Features

* Three-phase non-directional overcurrent protection with timing or IDMT characteristics and low rectification phase.

* Three-phase non-directional overcurrent protection, high rectification phase

* Three-phase non-directional overcurrent protection, instantaneous stage

* Non-directional ground fault protection with timing or IDMT characteristics, low setting stage

* Non-directional ground-fault protection, high-calibration phase.

* Phase discontinuity protection

* Three-phase cable thermal overload protection

* Arc protection

* Two lens sensors for arc detection (optional)

* Automatic adjustment of reference level according to backlight intensity

* Arc detection by remote light signal

* Automatic reclosing 1…. .3 times

* Circuit breaker fault protection

* Trip counter for circuit breaker status monitoring

* Trip circuit monitoring with routing of warning signals to signal outputs

* Trip lockout function

* Four accurate current inputs

* User selectable rated frequency 50/60 Hz

* Three normally open power output contacts

* Two change-over signaling output contacts and three additional change-over signaling output contacts on optional I/O module

* Output contact functions can be freely configured according to requirements.

Self-Monitoring

The relay’s self-monitoring system manages fault conditions during operation and notifies the user of existing faults.

There are two types of fault indications

Internal Relay Fault (IRF) indication and warning.

When the self-monitoring system detects a permanent internal relay fault and prevents the relay from operating, the green LED (Ready) will flash.

At the same time, the normally open IRF contact (also known as the IRF relay) will open and a fault code will be displayed on the LCD. The fault code is numeric and identifies the type of fault.

Time Synchronization

Time synchronization of the relay real-time clock can be achieved in two different ways

Serial communication via communication protocol or via digital input.

When time synchronization is achieved via serial communication, the time is written directly to the relay’s real-time clock.

Any digital input can be configured for time synchronization and used for minute pulse or second pulse synchronization.

The synchronization pulse is automatically selected, depending on the time range in which the pulse occurs.

Two pulses need to be detected within an acceptable time range before the relay activates pulse synchronization.

Conversely, if the synchronization pulse disappears, the relay requires the equivalent of four pulse time ranges to de-synchronize the pulse.

The time must be set manually once via serial communication or the HMI.

When setting the time via serial communication and using minute pulse synchronization, only the year-month-day-hour-minute is written to the relay’s real-time clock;

When using seconds pulse synchronization, only year-month-day-hour-minute-second is written. The relay’s real-time clock will round to the nearest whole second or whole minute.

depending on whether seconds pulse synchronization or minutes pulse synchronization is used. When setting the time via the HMI, the entire time will be written to the relay’s real-time clock.

If the difference between the synchronization pulse and the relay’s real-time clock for seconds pulses exceeds ±0.05 seconds, or for minutes pulses exceeds ±2 seconds, the synchronization pulse will be rejected.

Time synchronization is always triggered on the rising edge of the digital input signal. The time is adjusted by accelerating or decelerating the relay clock.

In this way, the clock neither stops nor jumps suddenly during time adjustment.

Typical accuracy of time synchronization via digital inputs is ± 2.5 ms for second pulse synchronization and ± 5 ms for minute pulse synchronization.

Main advantages

Devices can be used for a wide range of applications

Ranging from simple protection devices as backup protection to specialized protection devices

Well-established and modernized technology

Arc detection as an option

REF620 as a dedicated feeder protection device for the protection, control, measurement and monitoring of public and industrial power distribution systems.

REF620 IEC feeder protection and measurement and control device, as a dedicated feeder protection device, is specially designed for the protection, control, measurement and monitoring of public and industrial grids, including radial, ring and mesh grids.

The REF620 provides feeder overcurrent and earth fault protection that can be applied to both ungrounded neutral networks and resistance or impedance neutral grounded networks.

In addition, utilizing the unit’s advanced station-to-station communication capabilities, the REF620 can also be used for ring mesh distribution network or radial network protection.

The REF620 IEC Feeder Protection and Measurement Control Unit is available in single and dual busbar configurations, with one or two circuit breakers and multiple switchgear configurations for each busbar configuration.

The unit supports a large number of manual and motorized disconnect and ground switches. The number of available I/Os can be increased as required by ABB’s RIO600 remote I/O unit.

The REF620 IEC Feeder Protection and Control Unit features support for the IEC61850 communication standard for substations, covering both vertical and horizontal communications.

It includes GOOSE telegrams with switching and analog signals, and constant value adjustment based on IEC 61850-8-1.

The REF620 also supports DNP3. IEC 60870-5-103 and Modbus® protocols.

The REF620 provides an optional Ethernet port for non-delayed redundant Ethernet or a ring self-healing RSTP communication in the event of a communication failure via PRP or HSR protocols.

This solution eliminates the effects of a single point of failure and improves communication reliability. The solution can be applied to Ethernet based IEC 61850. Modbus® and DNP3 protocols.

Rail-Mounted Control Room Enclosure Units

The rail-mounted control room enclosure is the simplest and least expensive version of the I/P signal converter.

It is mounted using a mounting base that is compatible with all commercially available EN rails.

The enclosure with plastic cover is IP 20 rated.

Block-mounted control room housing units

The block-mounted control room housing unit allows the installation of several converters in a small space.

This design enables a central air supply via connection blocks and shut-off valves in the air connectors of the integrated signal converters.

Up to 4 signal converters can be mounted on the connection blocks required for modular installation.

If necessary, 2 or 3 (or up to 4) connection blocks can be interconnected to form a block unit with 4-8-12-16 signal converters.

Individual transducers can be mounted or dismounted during operation by means of shut-off valves.

Field mountable housings

The field mounting housings are suitable for installation on site or in the open air.

The housings can be made of plastic (IP class IP 54), aluminum (IP class IP 65) or stainless steel (IP class IP 65).

The housings are suitable for wall and pipe mounting.

The specially designed signal converters in the plastic housing units can be powered by flammable gas instead of the standard compressed air.

The converter can withstand loads of up to 10 g with less than 1% impact on functionality.

The housing units are available in a variety of versions to suit your installation requirements.

For potentially explosive environments, units are available in intrinsically safe operation or in pressure-resistant packages with international approvals for worldwide use.

Both inputs and outputs are available with different ranges of signal conversion.

The devices require only 1.4 to 10 bar (20 to 145 psi) of compressed air for power.

To ensure smaller dimensions and lower costs, the pneumatic unit does not include an aerodynamic stage.

This reduces air capacity and means that the I/P signaling converter can only be used to control low-flow air systems.

Rail Mounted Control Room Enclosure Units

The rail-mounted control room enclosure is the simplest and least expensive version of the I/P signaling converter.

It is mounted using a mounting base that is compatible with all commercially available EN rails.

The enclosure with plastic cover has a protection rating of IP 20.

Field mountable housings

The field mounting housings are suitable for installation on site or in open areas. The housing can be made of plastic with protection class IP 54;

It can also be made of aluminum with protection class IP 65 or stainless steel with protection class IP 65.

The housings are suitable for wall and pipe mounting.

Special conditions

The I/P signal converters are suitable for an ambient temperature range from -40 °C to a maximum of 85 °C.

If the I/P signal converter is to be used at ambient temperatures above 60 °C or below -20 °C, use cable entries and cables suitable for the maximum ambient temperature plus 10 K or the minimum ambient temperature.

Models with intrinsically safe control heads can no longer be operated as intrinsically safe if the “Ex (enclosure)” protection type and a non-intrinsically safe power supply were previously used.

I/P signaling converter TEIP11-PS Doc. 901068 or TEIP11-PS Doc. when used with flammable gases.

When used with flammable gases, the I/P signaling converter TEIP11-PS 901068 or TEIP11-PS 901069 must be installed outdoors as a pneumatic power supply.

The supplied gas must be kept sufficiently air and oxygen free to prevent the formation of potentially explosive atmospheres.

The gas must always be vented to the outdoors.

The main features of the relay are

Self-powered three-phase non-directional overcurrent and earth fault protection with DMT and IDMT characteristics

Dual earth fault measurement modes – internal vector summing or external CBCT inputs

Integration of IDMT curves (IEC and special) in a single product to meet the time-coordinated requirements of secondary distribution protection

Protection blocking via second harmonic measurement to ensure stability during transformer magnetic surges

Capacitive discharge pulse output for low-energy trip coils

Built-in manual reset electromechanical sign for trip indication

Easy setup via DIP switches, protected by transparent cover

Compact design and mounting for ring main unit (RMU) applications

Test equipment for testing the entire program, including primary CTs, relays and trip coils

Operating instructions

The combined overcurrent and earth fault relay is a secondary relay that is connected to the current transformer of the protected object.

In addition to the measurements (inputs), the relay receives from the current transformer the energy required for its own operation and for tripping the circuit breakers.

There are two LEDs on the front panel. The green “Ready” indicator lights up when the minimum current required for operation is available, indicating that the relay is operating.

When a fault is detected, the relay will trip the circuit breaker according to the setting.

The relay will also perform periodic internal health checks and notify the user of any faults within the relay.

Internal relay faults are indicated by the red LED “IRF” indicator.

The overcurrent device will operate when the phase current exceeds the set run time for timed operation or the calculated run time for inverse time limit operation.

Operation. Similarly, the high level I>> of the overcurrent device will actuate when the set operation time has expired.

The ground fault unit operates when the ground fault current exceeds the set operation time for timed operation or the calculated operation time for inverse time limit operation.

Similarly, the high level I0>> of the ground-fault unit operates when the set operation time expires.

The low-level rectification stage of the overcurrent unit and the low-level rectification stage of the ground-fault unit can have a deterministic time or inverse deterministic minimum time (IDMT) characteristic.

When the IDMT characteristic is selected, four standard www.cniacs.com time/current curves and three special time/current curves are available.

The standard curves conform to BS142 and IEC 60255 and are referred to as normal inverse time, extreme inverse time, extreme inverse time and long time inverse time.

In addition, three special curves are available, namely the RI curve, the HR fuse curve and the FR fuse curve.

Product Features

Capacitor bank overload and unbalance protection, non-directional overcurrent and directional ground fault protection, voltage and frequency based protection and measurement functions

Current-based unbalance protection, compensation for natural unbalance, and current-based capacitor bank switching resonance protection

Optional arc protection and high-speed output

Supports IEC 61850 version 1 and 2. including HSR and PRP, GOOSE messaging, and IEC 61850-9-2 LE to minimize wiring and supervised communications

IEEE 1588 V2 for high-precision time synchronization and maximum benefits of Ethernet communications at the substation level

Supports Modbus, DNP3 and IEC 60870-5-103 communication protocols

Applications

The REV615 is designed for primary protection of H-bridge, double Y-type and single Y-type connected capacitor banks and feeder cables.

In addition, the REV615 can be used to protect harmonic filter circuits when the harmonic component is not higher than the 11th.

The REV615 is available in two standard configurations, both of which provide three-phase overload protection, current-based unbalance protection (natural unbalance compensation), and current-based capacitor bank switching resonance protection.

The overload protection includes an integrated undercurrent function that detects the disconnection of the capacitor bank and inhibits the closing of the circuit breaker when the capacitor bank is partially charged.

Three-phase thermal overload protection is available www.cniacs.com for reactors and resistors in harmonic filter circuits.

The REV615 also provides non-directional overcurrent and ground fault protection for capacitor banks and their feeder cables.

Standard configuration B also provides directional ground fault, residual voltage, voltage unbalance, and over- and under-voltage protection.

Standard configuration A is pre-configured for H-bridge connected capacitor banks with three-phase unbalance protection.

Standard configuration B is pre-configured for capacitor banks with double Y-bridge connection and has single current unbalance protection.

The standard configurations can be customized to meet the requirements of the application with the IEC 61850-compliant protection and control IED manager PCM600.

Range

Busbar and ideal multi-purpose back-up protection relays

Product Benefits

Pre-configured features for busbar protection applications

Relays are delivered pre-configured and factory tested to reduce engineering and commissioning time

Self-healing communication based on HSR/PRP using an optional second Ethernet bus

Compact design makes it suitable for both new and retrofit installations

Pull-out plug-in design for quick installation and testing

Product Features

Bus and ideal multi-purpose backup protection

Powerful and user-friendly web browser-based human machine interface (HMI), including input/output (I/O) matrix with visualization options

Application-specific standard configurations reduce relay setup and commissioning time

Supports IEC 61850 version 1 and 2. including www.cniacs.com binary GOOSE messages

Pre-configured solutions for utility distribution and industrial applications

Therefore, several of the rules for hardening automation systems apply to these systems as well. From an automation system perspective, protection and control relays are at the bottom of the hierarchy, closest to the actual main processes. It is important to apply the “defense-in-depth” information security concept, whereby each layer in the system is capable of protecting the automation system, and therefore the protection and control relays are part of this concept. The following points should be considered when planning system protection.

– Recognize and familiarize yourself with all parts of the system and the system’s communication links

– Remove all unnecessary communication links from the system

– Rate the safety level of the remaining connections and improve them using applicable methods

– Harden the system by removing or deactivating all unused processes, communication ports, and services

– Check that all applicable parts of the entire system are backed up

– Collect and store backups of system components and keep them up to date

– Remove all unnecessary user accounts

– Define password policies

– Change default passwords and use strong passwords

– Check that strong encryption and authentication is used for links from the substation to higher-level systems

– Separate public (untrusted) from automated (trusted) networks

– Isolate traffic and networks

– Use firewalls and demilitarized zones

– Evaluate systems regularly

– Use malware protection in workstations and keep it up www.cniacs.com to date It is important to utilize defense-in-depth concepts when designing automated system security. Connecting devices directly to the Internet is not recommended without adequate additional security components. Security controls should be used for the different layers and interfaces in the system. In addition to product features, strong security means enabling and using available features and enforcing their use according to company policy. Proper training of personnel accessing and using the system is also required.

The REX 521 is primarily used in single-bus solutions for various protections using a single circuit breaker.

With pre-fabricated standard configurations, the unit can be used in different types of networks. Typical applications include input and output feeders in radially isolated neutral, resonant grounded, solid grounded and resistance grounded systems.

Scope

Protection, control, measurement and monitoring in medium voltage networks and for the protection of medium and large three-phase AC motors

Product advantages

Multifunctional protection

Product features

energized inputs for conventional current and voltage transformers

Versions with current and voltage sensor inputs also available

Prefabricated, standard configuration

REX 521 Relay Protection Unit

The REX 521 relay protection unit is designed for protection, control, measurement and monitoring of medium voltage networks.

Typical applications include incoming and outgoing feeders and substation protection.

The relay protection unit is equipped with energized inputs for conventional current and voltage transformers.

Hardware versions with current and voltage sensor inputs are also available.

The relay protection unit is based on a multiprocessor environment.

The human-machine interface includes an LCD display with different views for local use and informs the user with prompt messages.

Both hardware and software solutions utilize modern technology.

REX 521 is part of the Distribution Automation substation automation concept and further extends the functionality and flexibility of the concept.